Tap water in TW1, Richmond upon Thames2 results are over the limit.Very hard.
Supplied by Thames Water. 74 samples, 23 substances, latest on 31 December 2025. Coliform Bacteria and Nitrite came in above the legal limit. Everything else passed.
7.8 / 10
The tank is as full as the score. The specks are the minerals that make water hard.
What to do about it
Osmio Zero 2.0 Countertop RO
£495typical price
Removes coliform bacteria, the result that stood out in TW1.
Stop the limescale
At 270 mg/L a softener is the only thing that stops limescale. Filters do not soften water.
Osmio PRO-III Ultimate Whole House
£499typical price
Removes coliform bacteria, the result that stood out in TW1.
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What's in a glass of TW1 water
Every bubble is a substance the lab measured. The higher it floats, the closer it came to its legal limit, the dashed line at the top.
Nitrite is over its legal limit, at 114% of it.
- Nitrite114%
- Nitrate55%
- Lead16%
- Trihalomethanes16%
- Arsenic10%
- Bromate10%
- Fluoride9%
- Colour9%
- Cadmium8%
- Mercury7%
- Antimony6%
- Boron5%
- Nickel5%
- Chromium5%
- Aluminium4%
- Iron3%
- Copper3%
- Selenium1%
- Manganese1%
- Coliform Bacteria 27 count/100ml found
- E. coli none found
- Conductivity 573 µS/cm
All 23 results as a table
| Substance | Result | Legal limit | Share of limit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coliform Bacteria | 27 count/100ml | Must be zero | Found |
| Nitrite | 0.57 mg/L | 0.5 mg/L | 114% |
| E. coli | 0 count/100ml | Must be zero | None found |
| Colour | 1.8 mg/L Pt/Co | 20 mg/L Pt/Co | 9% |
| Conductivity | 573 µS/cm | No legal limit | – |
| Fluoride | 0.14 mg/L | 1.5 mg/L | 9% |
| Nitrate | 27.5 mg/L | 50 mg/L | 55% |
| Hardness (as CaCO3) | 270 mg/L | No legal limit | – |
| Aluminium | 0.0082 mg/L | 0.2 mg/L | 4% |
| Antimony | 0.0003 mg/L | 0.005 mg/L | 6% |
| Arsenic | 0.001 mg/L | 0.01 mg/L | 10% |
| Boron | 0.05 mg/L | 1 mg/L | 5% |
| Cadmium | 0.0004 mg/L | 0.005 mg/L | 8% |
| Chromium | 0.0025 mg/L | 0.05 mg/L | 5% |
| Copper | 0.05 mg/L | 2 mg/L | 3% |
| Iron | 0.007 mg/L | 0.2 mg/L | 3% |
| Lead | 0.0016 mg/L | 0.01 mg/L | 16% |
| Manganese | 0.0006 mg/L | 0.05 mg/L | 1% |
| Mercury | 0.00007 mg/L | 0.001 mg/L | 7% |
| Nickel | 0.001 mg/L | 0.02 mg/L | 5% |
| Selenium | 0.0005 mg/L | 0.04 mg/L | 1% |
| Trihalomethanes | 0.016 mg/L | 0.1 mg/L | 16% |
| Bromate | 0.001 mg/L | 0.01 mg/L | 10% |
270mg of limescale minerals in every litre
This is the water that furs up kettles
Very hard on the UK scale. It is fine to drink. It is hard on boilers, showers, skin and anything that heats water, and a jug or tap filter will not change that.
Softener quotes for TW1
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Your river is the Crane, rated moderate
The Environment Agency rated the Crane as moderate for ecological health in its 2025 assessment, meaning the river is noticeably changed by pollution or engineering. It is held back by phosphate. It fails the chemical test, as every river, estuary and stretch of coast in England does, because of long-lasting pollutants such as mercury, PFOS (a forever chemical) and old flame retardants.
None of this is a test of your tap water. Environment Agency record · River health across England
1,217
forever-chemical detections in nearby rivers and groundwater
At 7 sites. The highest was 6:2 FtSAB at 0.099 µg/L, at Crane at Northcote Road, Isleworth, 1.0 km away, in January 2026. These are river and borehole samples, not tests of your tap water.
Every PFAS sample around London · Which filters remove PFAS · PFAS explained
TW1 in short
Tap water in TW1 (Richmond upon Thames) is supplied by Thames Water in the Richmond upon Thames Central zone and scores 7.8 out of 10, against an England and Wales average of 9.0. 2 of 23 tested substances were close to or over a limit. The latest sample is from 31 December 2025.
- Coliform Bacteria detected at 27 per 100 ml, where any amount fails the legal standardAny detection is a failure for this substance. It is one of 2 flagged here. See the full results
- 7th cleanest of 8 areas tested in Richmond upon Thames1 area in Richmond upon Thames scored lower. The best is SW14 on 8.6.
- Very hard water at 270 mg/LThe threshold for very hard is 250 mg/L. Expect visible limescale on taps and in kettles in TW1. How hardness is measured
Questions about TW1 water
Is TW1 tap water safe to drink?
Based on the latest tests, TW1 (Richmond upon Thames) water scores 7.8/10, which is safe. 2 of 23 tested contaminants exceeded recommended levels. Water is supplied by Thames Water.
What contaminants are in TW1 water?
We tested 23 contaminants in TW1 water. 2 were flagged, including Coliform Bacteria, Nitrite. PFAS (forever chemicals) were also measured in rivers and groundwater within 10 km, though not in the tap-water tests themselves.
Who supplies water in TW1?
TW1 (Richmond upon Thames) is supplied by Thames Water. You can view their full profile and compliance data on our supplier page.
Is TW1 water hard or soft?
Water in TW1 (Richmond upon Thames) has a hardness of 270 mg/L CaCO3, which is classified as very hard. Hard water can cause limescale buildup. A water softener or filter jug may help.
Should I use a water filter in TW1?
With 2 contaminants above recommended levels in TW1, a water filter could help. A reverse osmosis or activated carbon filter is recommended for PFAS removal. See our filter recommendations for your area.
Are there PFAS forever chemicals in TW1 water?
The tap-water tests we hold for TW1 do not include a PFAS result. Environment Agency monitoring found PFAS in 1,217 river and groundwater samples from 7 sites within 10 km of TW1, the highest being 6:2 FtSAB at 0.099 µg/L about 1 km away. These are environmental samples, not tests of tap water. The UK currently has no legal limit for PFAS in drinking water; the Drinking Water Inspectorate uses a 0.1 µg/L guideline for individual compounds. Reverse osmosis filters can reduce PFAS levels.
How clean is the river near TW1?
The Environment Agency rated the Crane as moderate for ecological health in its 2025 assessment, meaning the river is noticeably changed by pollution or engineering. It is held back by phosphate. It fails the chemical test, as every river, estuary and stretch of coast in England does, because of long-lasting pollutants such as mercury, PFOS (a forever chemical) and old flame retardants. This is a rating of the river, not of tap water in TW1, which is treated before it reaches homes.
Keep reading
- Best Filter for PFAS RemovalThe filters with independent certification to remove forever chemicals
- PFAS Forever ChemicalsWhat PFAS are and how to reduce your exposure at home
- Best Water Softener UKHarvey, Kinetico, BWT, Monarch and Water2Buy compared, with real costs
- Do I Need a Water Softener?The hardness bands, the symptoms, and a postcode check
- UK Water Hardness MapIs your water hard or soft, and does it matter?
- Best Water Filters UKEvery filter type compared on what it actually removes
- Do I need a water softener?The hardness bands, the symptoms, and when the answer is no
- Best water softener UKHarvey, Kinetico, BWT, Monarch and Water2Buy compared
- Water softener costUnit, fitting and salt, and how long the payback takes
- Installation explainedWhere it goes, the bypass tap, the drain, DIY or plumber
- Harvey vs KineticoThe two premium twin-cylinder brands, side by side
- Softener salt guideTablet, block or granular, and how much you get through
- Salt-free softenersConditioners and electronic descalers, honestly assessed
PFAS explainedNitrate levelsHow to test your waterBest water filtersFilter shower headsWater testing kitsUK water rankingsWater hardness checkerWater hardness map
River and groundwater readings near TW1
Environment Agency samples from rivers, groundwater and reservoirs nearby. Not your tap water. For scale they are shown against drinking water limits; rivers are judged against much stricter environmental standards, and on those every river in England fails for chemicals.
| Substance | Reading | Drinking water limit |
|---|---|---|
| Lead | 0.001 mg/L | 0.01 mg/L |
| pH | 7.83 pH | None |
| Temperature | 22.1 °C | None |
| Conductivity | 907 µS/cm | None |
| Cadmium | 0.000019 mg/L | 0.005 mg/L |
| Ammonia | 0.064 mg/L | 0.5 mg/L |
| Nitrate | 3.1 mg/L | 50 mg/L |
| Nitrite | 0.045 mg/L | 0.5 mg/L |
| Phosphate | 0.57 mg/L | None |
| Copper | 0.0018 mg/L | 2 mg/L |
| Zinc | 0.0069 mg/L | None |
| Nickel | 0.0035 mg/L | 0.02 mg/L |
| Dissolved Oxygen | 7.94 mg/L | None |
| PFAS (total) | 0.0094 µg/L | None |
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